āļ§ัāļ™āļ­ัāļ‡āļ„āļēāļĢāļ—ี่ 5 āļžāļĪāļĐāļ āļēāļ„āļĄ āļž.āļĻ. 2569

Perioperative Patient Transport

Perioperative Patient Transport

ðŸŽŊ Core concept

  • āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļ„āļĨื่āļ­āļ™āļĒ้āļēāļĒāļœู้āļ›่āļ§āļĒ perioperative = āļŠ่āļ§āļ‡ high risk
  • āļ•้āļ­āļ‡:
    • optimize patient āļ่āļ­āļ™ transport
    • āđ€āļ•āļĢีāļĒāļĄ equipment + personnel
    • monitor āļ•่āļ­āđ€āļ™ื่āļ­āļ‡
      👉 āļĨāļ” adverse events

⚙️ Preparation (āļ่āļ­āļ™āđ€āļ„āļĨื่āļ­āļ™āļĒ้āļēāļĒ)

Patient readiness

  • airway stable
  • ventilation adequate
  • hemodynamics stable
  • IV access + fluids āļžāļĢ้āļ­āļĄ

🧰 Equipment checklist

  • portable monitor (ECG, SpO, BP ± capnography)
  • O supply (āļ„āļģāļ™āļ§āļ“āđƒāļŦ้āļžāļ­ + reserve)
  • Ambu bag + mask
  • airway equipment (ETT, laryngoscope, airway adjuncts)

ðŸ‘Ļ‍⚕️ Personnel

  • āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄีāļœู้āļ—ี่:
    • airway management āđ„āļ”้
    • āđ€āļ‚้āļēāđƒāļˆ equipment
      👉 unstable patient āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄี anesthesia / intensivist

ðŸŦ Airway & Respiratory Management

ðŸ”đ Minimum requirement

  • Ambu bag + O āļ—ุāļ case (āđāļĄ้ stable)
  • āļ›้āļ­āļ‡āļัāļ™:
    • accidental extubation
    • apnea

ðŸ”đ Oxygen management

  • āļ„āļģāļ™āļ§āļ“ O tank:

Volume (680/2200) × pressure (psig)

  • āđ€āļœื่āļ­āļ­āļĒ่āļēāļ‡āļ™้āļ­āļĒ +30 āļ™āļēāļ—ี

ðŸ”đ Ventilation options

  • spontaneous + O
  • NIV
  • manual ventilation
  • transport ventilator

⚠️ manual bag:

  • āđ€āļŠี่āļĒāļ‡ hypo/hyperventilation
  • āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āđƒāļŠ่ PEEP valve

📊 Monitoring

ðŸŸĒ Standard

  • ECG
  • SpO (mandatory)
  • BP

ðŸ”ĩ Advanced (critical patient)

  • arterial line
  • CVP / PAP
  • capnography

👉 alarm + auditory pulse oximetry āļŠāļģāļ„ัāļ


💊 Medications

ðŸ”đ āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄี

  • IV access + fluids
  • vasoactive drugs (unstable patient)
  • airway drugs (sedation + NMBA)

ðŸ”đ Consider

  • opioid/benzo reversal (naloxone, flumazenil)

ðŸšĻ Risk & Complications

⚠️ Routine transport

  • respiratory depression (sedation/NMBA)
  • hypoxia
  • hemodynamic instability

ðŸ”Ĩ Critically ill

  • adverse events ~ 26%
  • life-threatening ~ 1.5%
  • āđ€āļŠ่āļ™:
    • accidental extubation
    • cardiac arrest

🧠 Transport of critically ill patients

ðŸŽŊ āļŦāļĨัāļāļŠāļģāļ„ัāļ

  • stabilize āļ่āļ­āļ™ (āļ–้āļēāđ„āļĄ่ urgent)
  • āđƒāļŠ้ checklist
  • continuous monitoring

🔧 āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄี

  • airway equipment
  • ventilator/ambu
  • defibrillator
  • emergency drugs

💉 Sedation

  • convert GA IV sedation infusion (propofol/dexmedetomidine)
    āļ่āļ­āļ™ transport

ðŸŦ€ Special situations

  • ECMO / VAD āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄี specialist
  • pulmonary HTN inhaled vasodilator continuity
  • chest tube āļŦ้āļēāļĄ clamp routine
  • EVD āļĢāļ°āļ§ัāļ‡ overdrain

🔄 Handoff (āļŠāļģāļ„ัāļāļĄāļēāļ)

  • āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄี structured handoff:
    • diagnosis
    • intraop events
    • airway / lines
    • drugs / infusion

👉 anesthesia provider āļ­āļĒู่āļˆāļ™ handoff complete


🧠 Key Clinical Pearls

  • Transport = high-risk phase āđ€āļ—ีāļĒāļšāđ€āļ—่āļē emergence
  • āļ—ุāļ case āļ•้āļ­āļ‡āļĄี:
    • O + Ambu bag
    • monitoring
  • Critical patient:
    • stabilize āļ่āļ­āļ™ (āļ–้āļēāđ„āļ”้)
    • team + equipment āļžāļĢ้āļ­āļĄ
  • Residual anesthesia/NMBA major risk hypoventilation
  • Handoff = āļĨāļ” error āļĄāļēāļāļ—ี่āļŠุāļ”

ðŸšĻ Practical checklist (āđƒāļŠ้āļˆāļĢิāļ‡)

āļ่āļ­āļ™āļ­āļ­āļ OR

  • airway secure
  • SpO stable
  • BP stable
  • IV + drugs ready
  • O tank checked

āļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§่āļēāļ‡ transport

  • monitor continuous
  • observe airway
  • ready for reintubation

āļ–ึāļ‡ PACU/ICU

  • handoff structured
  • confirm stability
  • transfer responsibility

āđ„āļĄ่āļĄีāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„ิāļ”āđ€āļŦ็āļ™:

āđāļŠāļ”āļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ„ิāļ”āđ€āļŦ็āļ™