Anesthesiology

📌 ANESTHESIOLOGY

🟦 1) Foundations of Anesthesiology

  • ASA Physical Status Classification
  • Preoperative Assessment
    • History & physical exam
    • Airway evaluation
    • Cardiac risk assessment (RCRI, METs)
    • Anticoagulant management
  • Informed consent & communication
  • Monitoring standards (ASA, WFSA)
  • Anesthesia machine basics + safety checks (PETHICK test, leak test)
  • Mass Casualty Incident Setting

🟧 2) Pharmacology in Anesthesia

  • IV induction agents (propofol, ketamine, etomidate, thiopental)
  • Opioids (fentanyl, remifentanil, morphine…)
  • Benzodiazepines (midazolam…)
  • Neuromuscular blockers
    • Depolarizing vs Non-depolarizing
    • TOF monitoring, reversal (neostigmine, sugammadex)
  • Inhalational agents (MAC, uptake & distribution)
  • Local anesthetics & toxicity (LAST protocol: Intralipid dose)
  • Vasopressors/inotropes

🟥 3) Airway Management

  • Difficult airway algorithm (DAS/ASA)
  • Airway devices
    • Direct/video laryngoscope
    • Supraglottic airway
    • Fiberoptic intubation
    • Cricothyrotomy emergency
  • Rapid sequence induction (RSI) — drugs & complications
  • Extubation strategy + high-risk extubation
  • Pediatric airway differences

🟨 4) General Anesthesia

  • Induction → Maintenance → Emergence workflow
  • Balanced anesthesia concept (Hypnosis + Analgesia + Muscle Relaxant)
  • Ventilation management
    • Vt/Lung protective, PEEP, recruitment
    • One-lung ventilation considerations
  • Awareness prevention
  • Malignant hyperthermia recognition & treatment (Dantrolene dose)
  • PACU monitoring & complications

🟩 5) Regional Anesthesia

  • Neuraxial anesthesia (Spinal/Epidural/CSE)
    • Indications & contraindications
    • Local anesthetic selection
    • Complications: hypotension, high spinal, PDPH management
  • Peripheral Nerve Blocks
    • Upper limb: Interscalene, Supraclavicular, Axillary
    • Lower limb: Femoral, Adductor canal, Sciatic variants
    • Truncal: TAP, ESP, PECS
  • Ultrasound guidance basics
  • Anticoagulation & neuraxial safety (ASRA guidelines)

🟪 6) Perioperative Physiology & Medicine

  • Hemodynamic monitoring
    • Arterial line, CVC, CO monitoring principles
  • Fluid responsiveness (SVV, PPV, IVC, PLR)
  • Blood transfusion strategy (PBM guidelines)
  • Temperature management
  • Acid-base interpretation
  • Renal/hepatic disease considerations
  • Special populations:
    • Obstetrics anesthesia (neuraxial, GA for C-section)
    • Pediatrics anesthesia
    • Geriatric & frailty in anesthesia

⬛ 7) Management of Critical Events

  • Perioperative shock (RUSH / POCUS application)
  • Anaphylaxis — diagnosis & treatment (Epinephrine FIRST)
  • Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST)
  • Airway fire & OR fire response
  • VAE / Gas embolism
  • Massive hemorrhage protocol (MHP)
  • Difficult IV access strategy

🟫 8) Perioperative Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS)

🟩 9) Postoperative Pain & Acute Pain Service

🟦 10) Quality, Patient Safety and Human Factors

  • Checklists (WHO surgical safety checklist)
  • Crisis Resource Management (CRM)
  • Handover communication (SBAR)
  • Infection control in anesthesia
  • Documentation & medico-legal issues

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