Surgery

1. General Principles of Surgery

  • Surgical anatomy & physiology
  • Wound healing & wound care
  • Surgical instruments & suture materials
  • Aseptic techniques & OR setup
  • Fluid therapy & electrolyte management
  • Nutritional support in surgery
  • Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)
  • Principles of laparoscopy & minimally invasive surgery

2. Preoperative & Postoperative Care

  • Preoperative risk assessment (ASA, RCRI, cardiac testing)
  • Management of medications pre-op
  • DVT prophylaxis
  • Pain control (PCA, regional anesthesia)
  • Postoperative complications
    • Atelectasis
    • Ileus
    • Surgical site infection
    • Anastomotic leak
    • Post-op bleeding
  • Postoperative monitoring & early recognition of deterioration

3. Abdominal Surgery

4. Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) Surgery

Liver

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Liver resection principles
  • Management of hepatic trauma
  • Hydatid cyst

Gallbladder & Biliary

  • Cholelithiasis & cholecystitis
  • Choledocholithiasis
  • Cholangitis
  • Biliary strictures
  • Bile duct injury (MIS and open repair)

Pancreas

  • Acute pancreatitis (surgical aspects)
  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Pancreatic pseudocyst
  • Whipple procedure

5. Breast Surgery

  • Breast cancer (evaluation & staging)
  • Breast-conserving surgery
  • Mastectomy types
  • Sentinel lymph node biopsy
  • Benign breast diseases (fibroadenoma, cysts)
  • Male breast disease

6. Endocrine Surgery

  • Thyroidectomy
  • Parathyroidectomy
  • Adrenalectomy
  • MEN syndromes surgery
  • Neuroendocrine tumors (surgical principles)

7. Colorectal Surgery

  • Diverticulitis
  • Colorectal cancer: staging & surgery
  • Inflammatory bowel disease surgery
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Anal fissure
  • Anal fistula
  • Rectal prolapse
  • Ostomy creation & management

8. Hernia Surgery

  • Inguinal hernia
  • Femoral hernia
  • Umbilical & ventral hernia
  • Incisional hernia
  • Mesh types & selection
  • Open vs laparoscopic repair

9. Trauma Surgery

  • ATLS principles
  • Airway trauma
  • Chest trauma (hemothorax, pneumothorax)
  • Abdominal trauma (solid organ, hollow viscus)
  • Pelvic fractures & bleeding control
  • Damage control surgery
  • Burns as trauma
  • FAST exam interpretation

10. Acute Care Surgery / Emergency General Surgery

  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Perforated viscus
  • Mesenteric ischemia
  • Incarcerated/strangulated hernia
  • Severe soft tissue infection (NSTI)
  • GI bleeding (upper and lower)
  • Acute pancreatitis (surgical indications)

11. Surgical Oncology

  • Principles of tumor resection
  • Margins & lymph node dissection
  • Colorectal cancer surgery
  • Liver metastasectomy
  • Gastric cancer
  • Sarcoma (extremity & retroperitoneal)
  • Pancreatic cancer (surgical indications)

12. Thoracic Surgery

  • Lung cancer surgery
  • Pneumothorax management
  • Empyema
  • Mediastinal masses
  • Esophagectomy
  • Thoracic trauma

13. Vascular Surgery

  • Peripheral arterial disease
  • Aortic aneurysm (AAA)
  • Carotid disease
  • Acute limb ischemia
  • DVT & venous disease
  • Vascular trauma
  • Endovascular vs open repair

14. Transplant Surgery

  • Kidney transplant
  • Liver transplant
  • Heart & lung transplant (overview)
  • Immunosuppression principles
  • Transplant complications (rejection, infection)

15. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

  • Soft tissue coverage (flaps, grafts)
  • Pressure ulcers
  • Cosmetic reconstruction after cancer
  • Lymphedema
  • Scar management

16. Burns

  • Classification & TBSA estimation
  • Airway management in burns
  • Fluid resuscitation
  • Burn wound care
  • Inhalation injury
  • Burn infection

17. Pediatric Surgery

  • Congenital anomalies (TEF, CDH)
  • Pyloric stenosis
  • Intussusception
  • Malrotation & volvulus
  • Hirschsprung disease
  • Pediatric appendicitis
  • Pediatric hernia

18. Surgical Critical Care

  • Shock & resuscitation
  • Ventilator management
  • Nutrition in critically ill surgical patients
  • Sepsis & MODS
  • Coagulopathy in trauma
  • ICU complications after major surgery

19. Surgical Infections

  • Surgical site infections (SSI)
  • Peritonitis
  • Abscess management
  • Empiric vs targeted antibiotics
  • Necrotizing soft tissue infection
  • Fungal infections in surgical patients

20. Diagnostic Tools & Surgical Techniques

  • Ultrasound for surgeons (FAST, gallbladder, DVT)
  • CT abdomen/chest interpretation
  • Laparoscopy principles
  • Complication of minimally invasive surgery
  • Endoscopy in surgery (EGD, colonoscopy, ERCP)
  • Anastomosis techniques
  • Drains & tubes (chest tube, JP drain, NG tube)

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